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- How to secure your WinGate installation from abuse
-
-
- Internet security and WinGate
- There has been increasing amounts of press and publicity concerning
- unauthorized use of proxy/firewalls to perform illicit activities which may be
- attributable to a firewall user. A number of these instances have involved the
- use of WinGate. This page is an information source to tell users of the issues,
- and how they can defend themselves against abuse of their systems.
-
- Why should I do anything?
- There are unfortunately people out there who spend a great deal of time
- looking for a way to bypass security measures used increasingly by ISPs to
- thwart spammers - people who send large volumes of unsolicited mail to large
- numbers of email addresses. One way to bypass ISP security for sending mail
- is to appear to be a valid ISP client. This can be done through proxy software
- such as WinGate, if it is not securely configured.
-
- So. In general, in order to stop people doing things that may be attributed to
- you, which could result in things like you getting your account shut down, you
- should ensure that your proxy server installation is secure from unauthorized
- use.
-
- How do I do it?
- There are a number of methods of securing WinGate, which should not take
- you longer than a couple of minutes to implement.
-
- There are two main ways to secure access.
-
- 1.Logically, by rule. This involves setting up rules as to who may or may
- not do certain things in WinGate.
- 2.Physically. By binding a service to a specific interface (see below), that
- service is simply not available from any other interface, so by binding a
- service to your LAN adapter, you can easily block all access from the
- Internet.
-
- You may also choose a mixture of these two methods, depending on your
- requirements for access. Here are some examples of some typical ways of
- securing your access.
-
- Example: A small LAN using WinGate Lite or free version for
- net access. Not running any servers that need to be accessed
- from the internet.
-
- This is by far the most common scenario.
-
- Option 1
-
- If all the services are using the default security arrangement as installed, then
- perform the following steps.
-
- 1.Open GateKeeper and log into WinGate as Administrator.
- 2.Double click on Policies, and double click on "Default Policies"
- 3.Select the right "Users can access services"
- 4.There will be one recipient there - "Everyone". Double click on this
- recipient.
- 5.Select the Location tab.
- 6.Select "Specify locations from where this recipient has rights"
- 7.Add the following IP addresses under Included locations: 127.0.0.1,
- and the first three numbers of your WinGate machine's network card
- followed by a .* - for example if your network card has IP address
- 192.168.0.1, then you would add 192.168.0.*. If you have more than
- one network card in the WinGate machine then add an entry for each
- one that will be requiring access to WinGate.
- 8.Hit OK, and remember to save changes.
-
- Now only your LAN users can access any service in WinGate. If some of your
- services are using their own rules rather than the global ones, you can perform
- this action for each recipient in those service-specific rules.
-
- Alternative method using option 2.
-
- Because the Lite version of WinGate cannot bind a service to more than one
- interface (WinGate 2.1 Pro can do it), in order to use option 2, of binding
- services, then you need to create a separate service for each interface you
- need to bind to. Minimum is 2 - the localhost interface, which is used for your
- second free user license, and the interface of your WinGate machine LAN
- card. For each LAN card in your machine you need to create another service
- and bind it to that LAN card IP address.
-
- To bind a service to an interface do the following:
-
- 1.Open GateKeeper and log into WinGate as Administrator.
- 2.Double click on "Services" in the right hand pane.
- 3.Double click on the service you want to modify.
- 4.The "General" tab you see in front of you has an option on it - "Bind to
- specific interface" - enable this option, and type in the address of the
- interface you are binding to. The interface address is the IP address of a
- LAN card in your WinGate machine, or 127.0.0.1 for the free user
- (localhost).
-
- Note - You cannot change the binding in the Remote Control Service in
- WinGate Lite.
-
- What if I am running a server behind WinGate that requires
- public access?
-
- We recommend that you do not run Telnet or SOCKS servers with public
- access. If you do, you will want to restrict what requests the server will
- perform. You could require users of these services to be authenticated if they
- connect from the internet. This will ensure no unauthorized use. Otherwise you
- can specify where a user can connect to, or at what times.
-
- For WWW, if say you are running a WWW server behind WinGate, you can
- stipulate that internet users can only connect to your internal WWW server,
- and internal users can connect out.
-
- General techniques and hints.
-
- This first question is "Do I really need to allow access to this service from the
- Internet, and Why?". Basically the reasons to require access from the internet
- are relatively few.
-
- 1.You may be running mail, WWW or other servers on your LAN that
- require access from the internet.
- 2.You may require field staff to telnet into your Unix server from the field.
- 3.You may have a requirement for some secure inter-office
- communication.
-
- If none of these apply, you need to seriously question why you would allow
- access from the internet to a service.
-
- There are ways and means to specify different access rights depending on
- where a user accesses WinGate from. You can either create duplicate services
- bound to the different interfaces with different policies per service, or you can
- do it with a single service, with location based policies.
-
- E.g. POP3 service using service specific rules. Create two recipients called
- everyone - the first one is restricted by location, and must connect from your
- LAN. The second can connect from anywhere, but is restricted by request -
- say only allow connections to certain servers or ports.
-
- More help is at hand.
-
- The help documentation that comes with WinGate has more information on
- security, and you can always find help in the users forum and the support list.